Category: Singapuraku

  • Sabah Quake: A Geologist’s Perspective

    Sabah Quake: A Geologist’s Perspective

    Earthquake tremors are the result of a rapid release of energy where seismic waves move in all directions from the source, known as a focus. A point on the Earth’s surface above the focus is called the earthquake centre. For example, the centre of the Ranau earthquake is near the peak of Mount Kinabalu. This means the focus of the earthquake was underneath its centre; in this case it was 10km below the centre. This is what caused the massive landslides

    Tremors usually occur along faults, or longitudinal cracks in the earth that have bent and snapped back in what is called an elastic rebound.

    Imagine taking a plastic ruler and bending it. After a certain point it will break and release all the energy put into it from our effort to bend it. When an earthquake happens, the rocks in the earth are behaving in a similar fashion.

    Then come the aftershocks, which are smaller tremors that occur while the Earth’s crust settles. So far, 33 aftershocks were recorded by the Meteorological Department of the earthquake yesterday.

    Seismic waves refer to the energy that is released after an earthquake during the elastic rebound. There are three types of seismic waves – primary, secondary shear waves and surface waves. Primary waves are the fastest and move forward and backwards like a lurching car. These can make people feel dizzy, as surface waves are also moving from left to right. All three waves can be felt almost at once if one is close to the earthquake’s centre.

    About 80% of earthquakes occur in the Pacific Rim due to a collision of tectonic plates in the Earth’s crust. The rest occur outside those regions in areas with active fault lines

    When it comes to the Ranau earthquake, it was caused by the presence of active fault lines.

    This is because Sabah is still receiving compression forces from the interaction of three main tectonic plates. Sabah is actually located on the southeastern Eurasian Plate which is bordered by the Philippine Plate and the Pacific Plate. The Philippine Plate and Pacific Plate move westward at a rate of about 10cm a year, colliding with the Eurasian Plate.

    Additionally, the southern part of the Australian plate is moving north at a speed of 7cm per year, and this plate boundary is the most active and unstable. Although Sabah is 1,000 km away from the collision of the plates, it still receives more compression force than Sarawak and Peninsular Malaysia as it is the closest part of Malaysia to the Philippines and Sulawesi in Indonesia.

    Also, what occurred in Ranau was not linked to volcanism, which is only possible in Tawau and Semporna, where an explosion occurred several hundred years ago. Volcano craters are still visible in Tawau. Mount Kinabalu will not erupt, as the igneous intrusion that formed Mount Kinabalu is caused by the compression of the three Plates mentioned previously.

    This also can explain why the water at the Poring Hot Springs turned murky for a few hours, as the earthquake appears to have disrupted a clay deposit that interrupts the fault gap that heats up the rainwater which enters the earth. The water flowed more smoothly and had access to more heat.

    Strong tremors in Ranau will continue to happen whenever the stored energy exceeds the Earth’s ability to store it. This happens on a regular basis. In the case of Ranau, it happens at an approximate rate of every 25 years, with the first being recorded in 1966 at a magnitude of 5.3 on the Richter scale. This was followed with a magnitude 5.2 earthquake in 1991.

    Dr Felix Tongkul is a geologist with Universiti Malaysia Sabah

     

    Source:www.thestar.com.my

  • Sabah Quake Aftermath: What I Feel And Why It Is So Important To Us

    Sabah Quake Aftermath: What I Feel And Why It Is So Important To Us

    I know that to many Westerners, to those who claim to live in much civilised societies, and to those who staunchly vouch for a modern and ‘progressive’ mode of thought and action, ancestral beliefs and practices are shunned, dismissed, and laughed off as a marker of backwardness as well as ridiculous superstitions that should not have place in our modern world.

    In certain instances, this is true. But in this particular instance, I beg to differ.

    Undoubtedly, others have considered the cause of tremors that shook our beloved Sabah from three primary angles – cultural and spiritual; scientific and logical; and religious.

    I could – though with much less articulation – convey my thoughts on the last two angles. But, here, I’d like to appeal to the angle that touches the hearts of all Sabahans no matter their creed and colour – the sacredness of Mount Kinabalu.

    I am Dusun, though I sometimes jokingly refer to myself as an ‘Orchard’ (the English equivalent that does not capture the essence of who we are as peoples), because I am among those who do not speak the native tongue.

    Yet still, though I lack the oral knowledge, my elders made sure that the youngsters in our family would still be connected to our roots, and they do this via storytelling the various myths and legends that surround our mountain.

    To us – and Sabahans in general – the mountain is not simply a peak to be conquered.

    She is ‘Aki Nabalu’, which means “the revered place of the dead”. But I prefer the description my grandma – a mother widowed at a young age – told a young me as she looked longingly towards the mountain,

    “The place where your grandpa has his holidays as he looks down over us to see if we’re okay.”

    And this isn’t something we, as a cultural group, and collectively as the peoples of Sabah, consider as merely folktale.

    The Dusuns are the ancestral guardians of the mountain, and part of how we still uphold that role, even in times of modernity, is to observe the practices that our ancestors have put in place in order to safeguard Aki’s sanctity.

    But we are not selfish people. We want others to be able to bask in pride at her majestic stature, and marvel at her beauty.

    So, we allow you in. We allow you to scale towards the top of the mountain.

    But in return, we too, ask you to respect her.

    Respect her for what she represents, and what she means to those whose lives, histories, and identities are so closely bound to hers.

    When you – and I point to the group of ignorant tourists in this photo, and to those in the future who harbour perverse thoughts of ‘raping’ Aki’s dignity – I am going to tell you, that when you chose to perform such a degrading and uncivilised act, you smeared mud and dirt over the faces of not only the Dusuns, but the millions of Sabahans who love Aki as much as her guardians do.

    You did not merely offend, but you spat, and you stomped on our faces.

    But most insultingly, you mocked our heritage.

    You defiled Aki so proudly.

    And now, as of today, she is forever deformed.

    Disfigured.

    Though Aki is ‘broken’, and we are saddened, angry, and frustrated, but we are not broken in spirit.

    We won’t give you that satisfaction.

    PS: I have always put off climbing the mountain with the excuse that she’s never going anywhere. Even the fact that my father and mother, who’ve climbed the mountain approximately 7 and 5 times respectively, was not enough to spur me on. Now, Aki is still standing, but the fact that her physicality has been altered, I feel that when I do climb her in the future, she won’t be exactly the same. *cries*

    PPS: If there are those who think that I am essentially saying the cause of the tremor is caused only by the indecent act, then I have to clarify that that was not my intention. As I mentioned earlier, there are three angles – culture, science, and religion – that people posit to give reason to the tremors. And these three angles can be complementary, they can be exclusive of one another, or they can be in contradiction with one another – depending on the individual. For instance, I relate to all three angles and do not find them in conflict as they appeal to myself:

    Culturally: Because I am Dusun and Sabahan.
    Scientifically: Because I also follow objective reasoning and logic.
    Religious: Because I am Muslim.

    But, like I also stated in the post, I chose to appeal to the cultural angle more because that angle I feel is the anchor and tie that bonds Sabahans best in this matter. This is because the scientific does not appeal to our emotional subjectivities that result from our culture, and the religious could exclude those who (do not) believe in certain faiths.

    I hope this clears things up.

     

    Source: Farhana Abdul Fatah

  • Lee Hsien Loong: 8 Jun A Day Of National Remembrance

    Lee Hsien Loong: 8 Jun A Day Of National Remembrance

    STATEMENT FROM THE PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE

    The Prime Minister is deeply saddened by the deaths of eight Singaporeans in the earthquake at Mount Kinabalu. They were one teacher and six pupils from Tanjong Katong Primary School on an overseas learning trip, plus one adventure guide. One teacher and one student are still missing.

    On behalf of all Singaporeans, the Prime Minister expresses his deepest condolences and sympathies to their families and loved ones. As we grieve over the loss of these young lives, we also take heart that they were striving to stretch their limits and take on new challenges.

    The Prime Minister also thanks all those who are working tirelessly in the search, rescue and recovery efforts – the Malaysian authorities, the search and rescue teams, the hospital staff, and all the officers and volunteers who are helping in one way or other in Sabah and Singapore.

    Monday, 8 June 2015 will be a Day of National Remembrance. State flags on all Government buildings will be flown at half-mast. One minute of silence will be observed at the beginning of the day at all SEA Games venues.

    We hope that this collective expression of sympathy and support from all Singaporeans will give solace and comfort to the families and loved ones of the victims.

    PRIME MINISTER’S OFFICE
    SINGAPORE
    7 JUNE 2015

     

    Source: Lee Hsien Loong

  • Sabah Quake: Faces Of The Tragedy

    Sabah Quake: Faces Of The Tragedy

    Monday, June 8, has been declared a Day of Remembrance for the victims of the Sabah earthquake.

    Six pupils and one teacher from Tanjong Katong Primary School are confirmed to have died. The Singaporean adventure guide who was with them on a school field trip also died.

    Quake Victims

    Source: www.straitstimes.com

  • Loh Kat Teng: Losses Unfortunate, But Omega Challenge Beneficial And Should Not Be Scrapped

    Loh Kat Teng: Losses Unfortunate, But Omega Challenge Beneficial And Should Not Be Scrapped

    It is with a very heavy heart as I write this.

    My younger son graduated from Tanjong Katong Primary School last year. And yes, he was among the privileged group of leaders selected for the Omega Challenge Mt K Expedition last year. It is a trip for selected leaders from the various CCAs in school for the graduating batch and the school has been running the programme for years.

    It is a simple trip, go to KK, stay a night. Climb Mt K, stay at Pendant Hut. Go Via Ferrata for some fun but challenging activities, go back Pendant Hut to rest. Next morning do summit climb, descend the mountain, stay a night. Home sweet home. No sight seeing, no shopping, no luxurious hotels, no great food. Yet my son had set his heart for the trip for years and actually consciously worked for it by getting into the school prefectorial board.

    Prior to the trip, the school scheduled for training sessions which included serious stairs climbing. Students were also encouraged to do their own training daily which many enthusiastically did.

    What did the students learned from such a trip? They learned to be prepared by building up their physical. They learned to look out for each other and cheered each other on when the going gets tough. They learned that they could have an enjoyable afternoon without mobile phones, iPads and other electronic gadgets by just chilling and playing board games with friends. They learned to make their own decisions, my boy did not feel too well when he reached Pendant Hut and he decided to forgo the next morning’s Via Ferrata’s activity so that he could be fully rested and ready for the summit climb the following day. He made the decision on his own, we only knew about it when he came back and recounted to us. They learned to accept setbacks, the whole team did not make it to the summit as the weather was unfavourable and the teacher made a decision to halt the climb. Some cried at the moment. So did they come back depressed and disappointed? No, they came back in high spirits for they had been through a valuable experience.

    Does the school have the full support of parents for this programme? I can’t speak for others, but they have mine.

    Would the school have the courage to continue with programmes that is beneficial for students after this incident? I do hope so.

    Why am I writing this now? I just feel that at times like this when many families are still anxiously waiting for news of their loved ones, if we cannot say or do anything positive, let’s at least not make things worse.

     

    Source: Loh Kat Teng

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