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Tag: jemaah islamiyah

  • KOMENTAR: Pengganasan – Mengapa Ia Tidak Lagi Terhad Kepada Lelaki Sahaja

    KOMENTAR: Pengganasan – Mengapa Ia Tidak Lagi Terhad Kepada Lelaki Sahaja

    Keterlibatan wanita dalam kegiatan pengganasan biasanya tertumpu di luar daripada bidang pertempuran seperti sebagai perantara dan pengumpul dana. Namun sejak kebelakangan ini wanita mula memainkan peranan barisan depan seperti membuat persiapan untuk melancarkan serangan pengganasan.

    Bagaimana gejala ini boleh timbul dan apakah faktor yang mendorong sesetengah wanita sanggup menceburkan diri dengan pengganasan secara langsung menjadi kupasan Chaula Rininta Anindya, penganalisis di Sekolah Pengajian Antarabangsa S Rajaratnam, NTU.

    Peranan wanita dalam rangkaian pengganas di Indonesia sehingga ke hari ini telah ditentukan oleh hubungan persaudaraan yang terjalin melalui perkahwinan, dengan penglibatan mereka tertumpu kepada memenuhi keperluan logistik dan kewangan bagi tujuan pengganasan.

    Tetapi terdapat trend yang semakin meningkat di mana wanita mula mengambil peranan sebagai penggempur.

    Baru-baru ini, unit anti-pengganasan Indonesia, Detachment 88 (Densus 88) telah menangkap tiga wanita yang didakwa merancang untuk melancarkan serangan bom ke atas Istana Presiden Indonesia.

    Wanita-wanita itu – Dian Yulia Novi, Arida Putri Maharani dan Tutin Sugiarti – ada kaitan dengan rangkaian pengganas pimpinan Bahrun Naim yang berpangkalan di Solo. Bahrun Naim didakwa dalang siri serangan di Jakarta pada tahun lalu.

    Beberapa hari selepas mereka ditangkap, Densus 88 turut menahan Ika Puspitasari di sebuah masjid berhampiran rumahnya di Purworejo, Jawa Tengah.

    Novi dan Maharani merupakan isteri kepada Muhammad Nur Solihin yang dipercayai ketua sel pengganas itu. Novi telah merancang untuk melancarkan serangan bom nekad di Istana Presiden Indonesia.

    Maharani tahu tentang persediaan untuk melancarkan serangan itu dan telah membantu dalam pembiayaannya. Yang menariknya, Sugiarti telah memainkan peranan penting dalam mempengaruhi Novi untuk menjadi radikal walaupun Novi adalah isteri kepada ketua kumpulan itu.

    Wanita terakhir, Puspitasari, telah membuat persiapan untuk melancarkan serangan bom nekad di Bali pada malam Tahun Baru.

    Di dalam Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) sendiri, iaitu kumpulan pengganas paling terkenal di Indonesia, wanita sebelum ini hanya memainkan peranan sebagai perantara dan menghasilkan zuriat.

    Tujuannya adalah untuk meningkatkan hubungan dan menghasilkan para jihadi masa depan sebagai usaha untuk menambah bilangan anggota kumpulan itu. JI juga bergantung kepada wanita untuk mengumpul dana bagi tujuan pengganasan jihad.

    Sebagai contoh, Noralwizah Lee Binti Abdullah, seorang wanita keturunan Cina Sabah yang merupakan isteri kepada bekas komander operasi JI Hambali, yang dipercayai menjadi ketua akauntan JI.

    Ajaran Islam klasik tidak menggalakkan wanita mengambil peranan berperang. Tetapi, dengan kebangkitan kumpulan militan sebagai Daesh (ISIS), peranan wanita dalam melakukan tindakan pengganasan semakin berkembang.

    Dengan matlamat untuk mewujudkan sebuah negara Islam dengan apa jua cara sekalipun, IS terpaksa meluaskan peranan wanita dalam pertubuhan mereka dengan lebih melibatkan mereka dalam misi-misi pertempuran dan melakukan serangan-serangan nekad.

    IS telah menubuhkan Briged Al-Khansaa, sebuah unit wanita yang melakukan rondaan di sekitar bandar-bandar seperti Raqqa dan Mosul untuk menguatkuasakan nilai-nilai Islam yang berlandaskan tafsiran fundamentalis ISIS. Wanita-wanita juga berjuang di barisan hadapan untuk ISIS di Libya.

    Peranan lebih besar dalam pertempuran dan perancangan yang kian dimainkan wanita dalam sel keganasan Indonesia menggambarkan pengaruh dan rangkaian sekutu-sekutu ISIS di Asia Tenggara yang semakin meluas.

    Kumpulan pengganas Mujahideen Indonesia Timur (MIT), yang mengikrarkan taat setia kepada ISIS, telah menjalankan latihan senjata untuk anggota wanitanya termasuk isteri komander MIT. Kita boleh menjangkakan lebih banyak pembabitan secara langsung wanita dalam kegiatan pengganasan pada masa depan.

    Dengan menggunakan wanita sebagai pengebom nekad, rangkaian-rangkaian pengganas meraih kelebihan dari segi taktikal dan strategi.

    Wanita tidak dianggap agresif atau akan melakukan perbuatan keganasan, jadi mereka boleh melindungi diri daripada dikesan dengan lebih mudah. Wanita juga boleh menyembunyikan senjata atau bom dengan lebih baik di dalam pakaian mereka.

    Ini menimbulkan masalah di pusat-pusat pemeriksaan kastam, di mana bilangan pegawai kastam wanita yang terhad untuk melakukan pemeriksaan fizikal yang ketat boleh memberi pengebom nekad wanita peluang untuk melancarkan serangan.

    Yang jelas, langkah merekrut wanita telah menambah bilangan pejuang di dalam rangkaian pengganas. Tetapi ini mungkin juga menandakan bahawa kumpulan-kumpulan berkenaan kekurangan pejuang-pejuang lelaki dan terdesak untuk mendapatkan lebih ramai rekrut.

    Idea bahawa wujudnya pengebom nekad wanita sering dianggap sensitif dan boleh mencetuskan reaksi berlebihan dan yang dibesar-besarkan. Tetapi reaksi berlebihan daripada orang ramai dan pemerintah adalah sesuatu yang diinginkan dan dieksploitasi kumpulan-kumpulan pengganas.

    Agensi-agensi yang memerangi pengganasan perlu memberi lebih banyak perhatian kepada peranan wanita yang semakin berubah-ubah dalam kegiatan pengganasan di Indonesia untuk mengenal pasti pendekatan terbaik dalam menangani pelibatan wanita dalam pengganasan.


    MENGENAI PENULIS:
    Chaula Rininta Anindya adalah pembantu penyelidik Agama dalam Program Indonesia di Sekolah Pengajian Antarabangsa S Rajaratnam, Universiti Teknologi Nanyang. 

     

    Source: BeritaMediacorp

  • Hukuman Penjara Abu Bakar Ba’a’syir Dikurangkan 3 Bulan Sempena Hari Kemerdekaan

    Hukuman Penjara Abu Bakar Ba’a’syir Dikurangkan 3 Bulan Sempena Hari Kemerdekaan

    Hukuman penjara bagi bekas pemimpin kumpulan pengganas Jemaah Islamiyah, Abu Bakar Ba’asyir, dikurangkan tiga bulan oleh pihak berkuasa Indonesia sempena menyambut Hari Kemerdekaan negara itu.

    Abu Bakar Ba’asyir, yang pernah mendalangi insiden pengeboman di Bali pada tahun 2002, dijatuhi hukuman penjara 15 tahun pada 2011 setelah disabit kesalahan menyalurkan dana kepada sebuah kem latihan pengganas di Aceh.

    Dia sedang menjalani hukuman di Penjara Gunung Sindur yang terketak di Bogor, Jawa Barat.

    Pejabat Hak Kemanusiaan dan Keadilan Jawa Barat menyatakan hukuman penjara Abu Bakar Ba’asyir wajar dikurangkan kerana dia sudahpun menjalani sepertiga hukumannya.

    Ini merupakan kali kedua, hukumannya dikurangkan sehingga tiga bulan.

    Indonesia mempunyai tradisi mengurangkan hukuman terhadap para banduan pada hari kemerdekaan negara.

    Source: Berita MediaCorp

  • Review ISA – Government Must Enact New Laws To Prevent Singaporeans From Fighting Overseas

    Review ISA – Government Must Enact New Laws To Prevent Singaporeans From Fighting Overseas

    R1c

    I am very concerned by the arrest of the four Singaporeans under the ISA (Internal Security Act). I read and re-read and the more i read, the more concerned I become. I feel that it is wrong for this four people to be detained under ISA.

    I know ISA was created a long time ago. I found this from here.

    An Act to provide for the internal security of Singapore, preventive detention, the prevention of subversion, the suppression of organised violence against persons and property in specified areas of Singapore, and for matters incidental thereto.

    [16th September 1963]

    Whereas action has been taken by a substantial body of persons to cause a substantial number of citizens to fear organised violence against persons and property:

    And Whereas action has been taken and threatened by a substantial body of persons which is prejudicial to the security of Malaya:

    And Whereas Parliament considers if necessary to stop or prevent that action:

    You see this part…..”prevention of subversion, the suppression of organised violence against persons and property in specified areas of Singapore, and for matters incidental thereto.”

    In Singapore. Where did all these people go? They were overseas or on the way overseas. 3 of them were in Yemen and the Chinese guy was on the way to Syria. Which part of Yemen or Syria is in Singapore?

    I am not condoning what they have done or saying that they should not have been arrested. However, i feel that what they do is not covered under ISA. Am I correct to say that? So far MHA hasn’t mentioned that the four of them wanted to carry out attacks in Singapore. They did not carry a direct threat to Singapore. So why were they detained under the ISA?

    It is different last time with the JI (Jemaah Islamyah). JI very clear cut want to carry out attacks in Singapore…Yishun MRT was one of the places right? Even if JI targeted foreigners, Singaporeans would also become victims. Lives were at stake and properties would have been damaged.

    The communists were also like that. People lost their lives during a period of sustained turmoil. Singapore become topsy-turvy because of the communists. They were subverting unions and students and it was chaos. In this case, it was appropriate for the perpetrators to be dealt with using the ISA. It is very clear-cut.

    But I disagree that they use ISA for these four people.

    I urge the authorities to stop their crutch-mentality with the ISA. Cannot everything also use ISA.

    ISA is draconian and is not in keeping with current situations. What they should do is review the ISA immediately. If they want to stop Singaporeans from fighting overseas, they must enact new laws which are effective and whose scope covers the acts carried out by the four people.

     

    Isa

    Reader Contribution

     

  • Teo Soh Lung: Releases And Arrests Under The ISA

    Teo Soh Lung: Releases And Arrests Under The ISA

    Yesterday’s press releases (27 May 2015) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) are depressing. Three men were released from indefinite imprisonment under the Internal Security Act (ISA) a year ago, but it is only now that we are made aware this.

    The three men were:

    1. Mohamed Rashid bin Zainal Abidin, arrested in May 2006. He was released on 26 May 2014 with restrictions;

    2. Sahrudin bin Mohd Sapian arrested in January 2012. He was released with restrictions on 24 February 2014; and

    3. Mohamed Rafee bin Abdul Rahman, arrested in January 2012. He was released with restrictions on 24 February 2014.

    The three were released in February 2014 and May 2014. Why did the MHA take more than a year to inform us of their release? Are we not entitled to know what the MHA does with ISA prisoners? Who and how many people have they arrested and for how long do they need to remain in prison? By keeping silent about arrests, imprisonment and releases of prisoners, the MHA behaves like a state sanctioned clandestine organisation.

    The ISA is an unjust law. Prisoners are not charged and tried in open court. There is no judicial review for ISA cases. Release of ISA prisoners depend on the whims and fancies of the executive who may or may not rely on the reports of the ISD. The threat of indefinite imprisonment instils great fear in prisoners. Behind the four walls of the prison, they are quickly forgotten by the public. In Singapore, we do not have human rights organisations or religious organisations who demand updates on the well-being of prisoners. Even the United Nations is not able to extract any information from the MHA. The Justices of Peace who allegedly visit prisoners at regular intervals are not answerable to the public. They merely play the role of do-gooders and do not check the excesses of the government.

    The MHA now informs us that Mohamed Rashid bin Zainal Abidin who was arrested in 2006 was released in 2014, a period of eight long years. Why was he imprisoned for so long? We hear from the MHA that JI or Jemaah Islamiyah has faded and it is now the era of ISIS. So why was he imprisoned for eight long years? MHA owes the public an explanation, not just the two liner alleging that Rashid was a “JI member who had undergone terrorist training in south Philippines. He was released from detention and placed on Restriction Orders (RO) on 24 Feb 2014.”

    Sahrudin bin Mohd Sapian and Mohamed Rafee bin Abdul Rahman were both released after two years. Both men had allegedly undergone terrorist training and were JI members.

    Why was the release of these three men kept a secret for more than one year?

    And what about the following prisoners?

    1. Haji Ibrahim bin Haji Maidin arrested in December 2001.
    2. Alahuddeen bin Abdullah, arrested in October 2002.
    3. Mohd Aslam bin Yar Ali Khan, arrested in December 2002.
    4. Mas Selamat bin Kastari, rearrested in September 2010.
    5. Abdul Rahimbin Abdul Rahman, arrested in February 2012.
    6. Husaini bin Ismail, arrested in May 2012.
    7. Abdul Basheer s/o Abdul Kader, rearrested in September 2012.
    8. Asyrani bin Hussaini arrested in March 2013.
    9. Masyhadi bin Mas Selamat, arrested in October 2013.

    Let us hope that those imprisoned today will not suffer imprisonment for 32 years as Dr Chia Thye Poh did and that the government will in the meantime, look after their material and psychological well-being as well as that of their families. I hope the government will not let the families suffer poverty as they did to thousands of others in earlier decades.

    New Arrests under the ISA

    In another press release of the same date, the MHA announced the arrests of two young people – M Arifil Azim Putra Norja’s, aged 19 and an unnamed youth, aged 17. They were arrested under the ISA in April and May 2015 respectively.

    Is there no other law that can deal with young people other than the ISA? Is there no Muslim organisation that can help these youths, if they are indeed misguided? What about the existing Religious Rehabilitation Group (RRG) and the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore (MUIS)? Cannot the MHA seek their assistance instead of taking such draconian action and giving them a lifetime black label?

    The arrest of these two young people reminds me of the hundreds of youths arrested between 1954 – 1987. Many of them were students and could not continue their studies after imprisonment. Unlike those times, Singapore today is a developed country. Why is it that we are still not able to handle young people without using the ISA?

    Young people are the future of Singapore. How we treat the young reflect the maturity of our society. As I have said before, the government made a mess of Amos Yee. Are they making another mess with these two young people? MUIS and RRG should do their best to intervene in these arrests. The effect of indefinite imprisonment without trial under the ISA is not to be taken lightly.

    I hope the government will re-examine its decision to use the ISA against these two young people. The ISA is not to be used lightly and worse, on our young.

     

    Teo Soh Lung

    Source: Function 8

  • 2 Self-Radicalised Singaporean Youths Arrested, Detained Under ISA

    2 Self-Radicalised Singaporean Youths Arrested, Detained Under ISA

    A Singaporean youth has been detained under the Internal Security Act (ISA) for terrorism-related activities since April this year, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) announced on Wednesday (May 27).

    Additionally, another youth was arrested in May under the ISA for further investigations into the extent of his radicalisation.

    The youth detained since April, M Arifil Azim Putra Norja’i, a 19-year-old post-secondary student, is the first known self-radicalised Singaporean to harbour the intention to carry out violent attacks in Singapore, said MHA.

    Investigations showed that he had made plans to join the terrorist group, Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), and that his radicalisation began around 2013 when he started viewing terrorist propaganda online, said MHA.

    The ministry said Arifil then grew to support the radical ideology and violent tactics of ISIS, and befriended individuals online whom he thought could help him join the terrorist group. Arifil also actively surfed the Internet for information on travel routes to Syria so that he could engage in armed violence there, and had done research on making improvised explosive devices.

    Arifil also revealed that if he was unable to join ISIS in Syria, he intended to carry out violent attacks in Singapore, said MHA. He had put “considerable thought” into how he would attack key facilities and assassinate Government leaders. If he was unable to carry out these plans, Arifil planned to carry out attacks in public places “in order to strike fear within our society”, using “easily available” weapons such as knives, added the ministry.

    His intentions to carry out violent attacks were subsequently corroborated by several persons who said he had tried to recruit them to help carry out these plans, according to the MHA. Investigations showed that while these people did not fall prey to Arifil’s attempts to recruit them, they also did not alert the authorities about him, it added.

    “Fortunately, another person who knew Arifil noticed the changes in him, and had brought him to the attention of the authorities, who were then able to investigate the matter and take action before he could carry out his violent attack plans in Singapore,” said MHA.

    The ministry added that another radicalised Singaporean post-secondary youth, 17, was arrested in May under the ISA for further investigations into the extent of his radicalisation. His family was informed of his arrest, and will be kept informed of the outcome of the investigations.

    Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Home Affairs Teo Chee Hean said Singapore faces real threats from radicalisation, similar to other countries.

    “Our community leaders have worked hard to counter radical ideology. And we should all, from all communities in Singapore, support one another. … All of us must play our part. If you know or suspect anyone who is becoming radicalised, please notify the authorities early,” Mr Teo said.

    “You may be helping to save that person from harming himself and others. And our security agencies will do their utmost to detect and prevent any terrorist attacks.”

    FAMILY, FRIENDS PLAY ROLE IN PREVENTING RADICALISATION

    The ministry said the two young Singaporeans who have been radicalised demonstrate that youth in Singapore can become radicalised too, in particular through the internet.

    The ministry said that family members, friends, colleagues and members of the public have an important role to play in protecting fellow Singaporeans from radicalisation and engaging in terrorist activities.

    “This should be done early, so that Singaporeans at risk of becoming radicalised can be provided proper guidance, supervision and religious instruction, and be saved. Religious institutions and teachers also have an important role to play in engaging young Singaporeans when they have questions on religious matters, and steering them in the right direction,” said the MHA.

    It added that anyone who knows or suspects that a person is radicalised should promptly call the ISD Counter-Terrorism Centre hotline 1800-2626-473 (1800-2626-ISD).

    “This could save such individuals and allow them to be helped and counselled, so that they are prevented from engaging in violent activities that may cause harm to themselves and others,” said the MHA.

    THREE JI MEMBERS RELEASED

    The MHA also announced in a separate release that three Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) members were released in February and May this year after they were “assessed to no longer pose a security threat that required preventive detention”.

    The JI members are Sahrudin Mohd Sapian, Mohamed Rafee Abdul Rahman and Mohamed Rashid Zainal Abidin, it said.

    Sahrudin and Rafee were JI members detained under the ISA in February 2012. They had undergone terrorist training in Afghanistan in 2000, and both men were released from detention and placed on Restriction Orders (RO) on Feb 24, 2014, said MHA.

    The ministry added that Rashid, who was detained under the ISA in May 2006, was a JI member who had undergone terrorist training in south Philippines. He was released from detention and placed on RO on May 26, 2014.

    Additionally, the ROs against four JI members and one self-radicalised individual were allowed to lapse between June 2014 and April 2015. The JI members were Ab Wahab Ahmad, Syed Ibrahim, Ibrahim Mohd Noor and Jahpar Osman, while the self-radicalised individual was Muhammad Thahir Shaik Dawood.

    “All five men had been cooperative and responsive to rehabilitation efforts,” said MHA.

     

    Source: www.channelnewsasia.com