Category: Politik

  • Islam Nusantara – Islam Yang Ramah, Bukan Marah-Marah

    Islam Nusantara – Islam Yang Ramah, Bukan Marah-Marah

    Rantau Asia Tenggara sejak kebelakangan ini turut menjadi medan perselisihan fahaman agama yang mencetuskan pelbagai tanggapan tidak tepat terhadap Islam di rantau ini. Sekiranya keadaan ini tidak ditangani dengan betul ia boleh menjejas keharmonian dan ketenteraman agama baik sesama umat Islam ataupun dengan bukan Islam. Aktivis silang agama Mohamed Imran Mohamed Taib menerangkan bagaimana konsep Islam Nusantara yang kini semakin mendapat perhatian boleh memulihkan perwajahan Islam di rantau ini sebagai agama yang seimbang, sederhana dan toleran.

    Sekitar tiga tahun lalu, saya terkesan dengan kata-kata ini: “Jika ketemu ulama yang tidak toleran, itu bererti ilmunya masih dangkal.” Ia diucapkan oleh Kiyai Haji Mustafa Abdullah Nuh yang memimpin Yayasan Islamic Centre (YIC) Al-Ghazaly di Bogor, Indonesia. Dengan raut wajah yang tenang dan kata-kata yang penuh hikmah, KH Mustafa menceritakan bagaimana ajaran-ajaran Islam menjurus kepada perdamaian dan toleransi antara dan sesama umat. Beliau merupakan anak kepada pengasas pesantren dan majlis ta’lim Imam al-Ghazali di Bogor – seorang tokoh ulama tersohor di rantau ini, KH Abdullah Nuh (1905-1987). Tokoh ini pernah menulis risalah berjudul Ukhuwah Islamiyah (“Persaudaraan Islam”) pada tahun 1925 yang menyeru kepada kesatuan umat kerana “Kita sama-sama bernaung di bawah langit kemanusian yang sempurna.” Walaupun berfahaman Sunni dan bermazhab Syafi’i, KH Abdullah sangat menghormati perbezaan. Malah, beliau pernah dituduh sebagai Syiah kerana menulis syair berjudul “Wahai Sayyidina Husain” sebagai sanjungannya terhadap Ahlul Bait (keluarga Nabi Muhammad). Baginya, perbezaan di kalangan umat Islam hanya bersangkutan isu-isu ranting (furu’iyyah) dan tidak menyentuh persoalan pokok, iaitu keimanan kepada Tuhan yang Esa serta ketaatan kepada Rasulullah dan wahyu al-Qur’an.

    Sikap toleransi akan perbezaan seperti yang dihayati oleh KH Abdullah Nuh, merupakan salah satu ciri keberagamaan yang sangat ketara di rantau ini. Semenjak beberapa tahun lalu, beberapa sarjana telah cuba merumuskan wajah keberislaman ini. Makanya, ditemukan istilah “Islam Nusantara” yang semakin kerap dibincangkan. Menurut Zainul Milal Bizawie di dalam bukunya Masterpiece Islam Nusantara (2016), Islam Nusantara adalah corak mempraktikkan Islam yang menggabungkan ajaran-ajaran Islam dengan kearifan tradisi-tradisi setempat secara bertahap (tadriji), sambil memberatkan nilai-nilai Islam seperti tawasuth (moderat), tawazun (seimbang) dan tasamuh (toleran). Pesan utama yang mengalir darinya ialah Islam rahmatan lil alamin (rahmat bagi seluruh alam). Inilah yang dipertahankan oleh para ulama Nusantara semenjak datangnya Islam ke rantau ini.

    KEUNIKAN ISLAM NUSANTARA

    Berbeza dari kawasan lain di dunia Islam, pengislaman rantau ini tidak melalui ekspansi empayar dinasti Arab melalui penjajahan. Oleh itu, keunikan Islam Nusantara adalah pembenturan budaya-budaya besar, baik dari Barat mahupun Timur, yang kemudiannya diberi nafas Islam yang menurut KH Said Aqil Siraj, ketua umum Pengurus Besar Nahdlatul Ulama, merupakan manifestasi “prinsip jalan tengah” yang digambarkan al-Qur’an sebagai ummatan wasatan (umat yang moderat) dan khaira ummah (umat yang sebaiknya). Seperti mana terlihat di dalam dakwah Islam para wali, khususnya di Tanah Jawa, tiga prinsip diterapkan, yakni tadriji (bertahap), taqlilut taklif (memperingan beban) dan ‘adamul haraj (tidak menyakiti).

    Penting dinyatakan bahawa Islam Nusantara bukanlah sebuah mazhab melainkan suatu pendekatan di dalam beragama. Jika boleh dirumuskan, karakter umum Islam Nusantara ialah kontekstualisasi ajaran dan nilai Islam. Kita tidak harus meninggalkan khazanah budaya dan kearifan setempat yang menjadi tali kesinambungan identiti kita dari masa lampau hingga ke zaman moden ini. Sekiranya budaya dan kearifan setempat ini diluputkan, pasti akan terjadi kekosongan yang akan diisi dengan faham dan praktik keagamaan yang mungkin tidak sesuai dan mendatangkan mudarat. Ini yang terjadi pada waktu ideologi seperti ‘khilafah Islamiyah’ cuba dibangkitkan di rantau ini kerana pengaruh dari gerakan-gerakan radikal seperti Hizbut Tahrir dan Katibah Nusantara yang mempolitikkan Islam dan buta sejarah. Walhal, penerimaan terhadap konsep negara-bangsa (nation-state) sudah dituntaskan oleh para ulama semenjak awal abad kedua puluh.

    Sebagai contoh, perbincangan hangat antara Tjokroaminoto, KH Hasyim Asy’ari dan KH Wahab Hasbullah berakhir pada Muktamar Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) ke-9 di Banjarmasin pada tahun 1935 yang memutuskan NU tidak akan mendirikan negara Islam. Para ulama NU waktu itu sepakat bahawa status dar Islam (wilayah Islam) tidak tercabut walaupun mereka telah dijajah oleh Belanda. Dar Islam ini dibezakan dari daulah Islamiyah (pemerintahan Islam), seperti yang dikutip dari kitab Bughyatul Mustarsyidin oleh Sayyid Abdurrahman bin Muhammad, atau dikenali sebagai Syeikh Ba’alawi. Dari keputusan ulama NU ini, dibangunkan konsep jumhuriyah Indonisiyah yang merangkumi keragaman budaya, suku dan agama. Oleh itu, penerimaan prinsip nasionalisme dan lebih khususnya, Pancasila bagi negara Indonesia, tidak mendatangkan permasalahan teologi. Seperti yang ditegaskan mantan ketua umum NU (1984-1991) KH Ahmad Siddiq, dar Islam bukanlah sistem politik atau ketatanegaraan; maka ianya bukan konsep Negara Islam. Yang diberatkan di dalam dar Islam ialah kesatuan mendukung kebebasan mempraktikkan agama, ketertiban masyarakat, maslahat umum dan nilai-nilai murni seperti keadilan dan kesaksamaan. Makanya, umat Islam wajib melawan anasir-anasir yang cuba merosakkan kesatuan ini, seperti mana yang dilakukan oleh kelompok radikal, Negara Islam Indonesia (NII) dan Darul Islam/Tentera Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) pada dekad-dekad setelah kemerdekaan.

    PERKUAT SEMANGAT DAMAI

    Ijtihad politik seperti ini penting dikaji dan diketahui umum, terutama di dalam situasi masa kini. Ianya merupakan landasan substantif di dalam menggali pesan-pesan agama dan meletakkannya di dalam konteks masyarakat secara konkrit. Di dalam situasi kebimbangan global akan terorisme berbasis agama, para ulama dan pemikir masyarakat harus memainkan peranan seperti mana yang dilakukan oleh para ulama dan sarjana Islam masa lalu. Maka tidak hairanlah, istilah Islam Nusantara yang berwajah rahmatan lil alamin ini mula dicanangkan di peringkat global, terutama oleh NU pada tahun lalu. Sebagai organisasi Islam terbesar di dunia, posisi NU sangat penting di dalam menjaga nilai-nilai tawasuth (moderat), tawazun (seimbang) dan tasamuh (toleran) ini. Nilai-nilai ini telah melalui proses yang disebut oleh seorang ulama dan mantan Presiden Indonesia, Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur) sebagai “pribumisasi Islam”. Melalui proses ini, Islam Nusantara – yang sebenarnya merangkumi daerah seluruh Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura, Brunei, daerah Patani, Mindanao dan Champa – menjadi zon kebudayaan Islam yang tidak kalah hebatnya dari Islam yang sering terlihat di Timur Tengah. Mungkin potensi inilah yang harus dikembangkan demi memperkuatkan semangat perdamaian dan merawat toleransi yang mula lusuh dengan merebaknya fahaman-fahaman radikal di rantau ini.

    Peranan seperti ini sudah dimulai oleh sebuah pesantren yang pernah saya kunjungi: Pesantren Darul Uloom di Bogor yang dipimpin Kiyai Nasrudin. Pesantren ini berfungsi sebagai pusat deradikalisasi bagi mereka yang mahu menghapuskan pandangan puritan ‘hitam-putih’ yang merupakan sudut ekstrem yang lari dari keragaman yang ada sebagai rahmat di dalam Islam. Saya turut berjumpa dan mewawancarai mantan aktivis Negara Islam Indonesia (NII), Mataharitimoer yang menemukan Islam yang damai di pesantren itu. Mataharitimoer pernah menulis kisahnya di dalam sebuah novel berjudul Jihad Terlarang. Kiyai Nasrudin, yang membimbing Mataharitimoer keluar dari fahaman ekstremnya, sering mengutip istilah yang digunakan oleh Gus Dur: “Kita mahukan Islam yang ramah, bukan Islam yang marah-marah”. Inilah yang menjadi ciri khas Islam Nusantara yang harus dikembangkan semula. Sewaktu berdiskusi, saya sempat bertanyakan kepada Kiyai Nasrudin apakah sikapnya terhadap orang yang suka mengkafirkan yang lain. Dengan tenang, beliau berkata, “Saya lebih dekat pada orang yang dikafirkan daripada mereka yang mengkafirkan. Kerana orang yang mengkafirkan adalah orang yang sombong (mustakbirin) sementara orang yang dikafirkan adalah orang yang ditindas.” Walau sederhana, kalimah ini sudah cukup menjelaskan hikmah seorang ulama yang memegang erat akan nilai-nilai keislaman di dalam menjaga persaudaraan, bersikap tawaduk dan tegas di dalam sikap adil kepada semua, walaupun berbeza pendapat. Inilah wajah Islam Nusantara yang dapat menjadi penawar atau antidot terhadap ekstremisme agama waktu ini.

    MENGENAI PENULIS:

    Mohamed Imran Mohamed Taib seorang aktivis silang agama dan pengasas Leftwrite Centre, sebuah inisiatif dialog untuk golongan muda profesional. 

    Source: http://berita.mediacorp.sg

  • Anti-Rohingya Protests Greet Malaysia Rohingya Aid Ship

    Anti-Rohingya Protests Greet Malaysia Rohingya Aid Ship

    A Malaysian ship carrying aid for thousands of Rohingya Muslims who have fled a bloody army crackdown arrived in Yangon Thursday, where it was met by nationalist protesters.

    Health workers and activists crowded onto the deck of the Nautical Aliya as it docked at Thilawa port near Myanmar’s commercial capital carrying food, medical aid and clothing.

    Myanmar’s social welfare minister was among a delegation meeting the ship, which has been at the centre of a rare diplomatic spat with fellow ASEAN member Malaysia.

    Outside the docking area, dozens of Buddhist monks and demonstrators waited waving national flags and signs reading: “No Rohingya.”

    “We want to let them know that we have no Rohingya here,” a Buddhist monk named Thuseitta, from the Yangon chapter of the Patriotic Myanmar Monks Union, told AFP at the docks.

    Myanmar denies citizenship to the million-strong Rohingya, despite many of them living on its soil for generations.

    Buddhist nationalist groups are especially strong in their vitriol, rejecting them as illegal immigrants from Bangladesh.

    Hundreds of Rohingya are thought to have been killed in a brutal campaign launched by security forces in October, which the United Nations says may amount to ethnic cleansing.

    Tens of thousands have fled to neighbouring Bangladesh, bringing harrowing tales of murder and rape.

    Myanmar’s treatment of the Rohingya has sparked criticism from Muslim-majority Malaysia, in a rare spat between Southeast Asian neighbours.

    Myanmar initially refused to allow the ship into its waters and has barred it from sailing to Rakhine’s state capital Sittwe.

    Part of the aid will instead be unloaded in Yangon and transported overland to the north of Rakhine state, site of the military crackdown.

    The rest will be taken to Teknaf port in southern Bangladesh, where almost 70,000 Rohingya have fled since October to escape the violence.

    The government has also demanded that the aid be distributed to both Rohingya and Buddhist ethnic Rakhines.

    The delivery comes days after a blistering report from the UN accused Myanmar’s security forces of carrying out a campaign of rape, torture and mass killings against the Rohingya.

    Based on interviews with hundreds of escapees in Bangladesh, investigators said the military’s “calculated policy of terror” very likely amounted to ethnic cleansing.

    For months Myanmar has dismissed similar testimony gathered by foreign media and rights groups as “fake news” and curtailed access to the region.

    The UN’s top official on preventing genocide, Adama Dieng, said this week that a government commission tasked with investigating allegations of abuse was “not a credible option”.

    Critics have rejected the state-appointed body, which is led by retired general and Vice President Myint Swe and includes no Muslims, as toothless and biased.

    In a meeting on Wednesday Myint Swe admitted that “among the facts and accusations included in the (UN) report, there may be something special to be investigated,” state media reported.

    Source: https://sg.news.yahoo.com

  • Malaysian Drug Money Behind South Thailand Uprising

    Malaysian Drug Money Behind South Thailand Uprising

    The arrest of a Malaysian national with links to Southeast Asia’s drug kingpin Xaysana Keopimpha is slowly unraveling and revealing the extent of the drug ring’s impact on the political upheaval in South Thailand.

    In a trickle, the arrests are revealing the role played by the Malaysian wing of the Laotian network in the region.

    The Narcotics Suppression Bureau (NSB) of Thailand said Malaysian police have arrested a suspected major drug dealer allegedly linked to Lao drug kingpin Xaysana Keopimpha, who was arrested at the Suvarnabhumi airport on a flight from Phuket.

    What we know is Kamarudin bin Awang, a Malaysian national, was arrested in Kelantan on Monday.

    An investigation led police to believe Kamarudin is the son-in-law of Marining Jako, the leader of a drug network which receives drugs from the North and Northeast of Thailand.
    Thai police is said to have been monitoring Kamarudin for five years, leading to his arrest in Kelantan.

    The Thai narcotics bureau chief said he believed the money from Kamarudin’s drug trade have partially been used to sponsor the unrest in the insurgency-plagued South in Thailand.

    The arrest was not reported in Malaysian newspapers, but the information was given to Thai based newspapers by NSB chief Sommai Kongwisaisuk. He cited information he received from Malaysian authorities.

    So far, there is no comment on the Thai police accusation that Kamarudin is suspected to be the Malaysian linchpin in the Laotian drug network.

    Malaysia has also refrained to comment on the case since the arrest of Xaysana.

    More than 30 million baht in cash was also found stashed in pipes at Kamarudin’s residence, Thai police said, who said the Malaysian received drugs from the North before shifting them further to Malaysia through southern Thailand.

    Reports indicate he was also involved in the drug trade with one Usaman Salaemaeng, who is on the run, wanted by Thai authorities on drug charges in the warrant issued in 2012.

    Kamarudin is said to have three homes in the Muslim-majority far South in Thailand.

    However, Thail Police says they are checking with their Malaysian counterparts to determine to what extent the suspect is linked with Xaysana.

    Following his arrest at the Suvarnabhumi Airport on Jan 19, the suspected Laotian drug kingpin Xaysana Keopimpha, or “Mr X” as he is more commonly known, has become the subject of wide media fascination across the region.

    Authorities are now working round-the-clock to uncover the vast narcotics cross-border network that spans Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore.

    Thailand’s narcotics chief Sommai Kongvisaisuk, was quoted by Malaysian news agency Bernama as saying that police have gathered information on Mr X’s connection with Malaysian drug syndicates and were looking to unearth the inner workings of his network.

    “All the (big) cases involving a Malaysian syndicate trying to smuggle drugs from Thailand into Malaysia pointed to the involvement of Xaysana.

    “The Malaysian syndicate got its drugs from Xaysana’s network,” he said, adding that the arrest was the result of over five years of investigation.

    Several media reports said the 41-year-old alleged drug baron was arrested at the airport in front of many passengers as he disembarked a flight from resort island Phuket along with a man and two women who were not identified.

    Thai police have obtained a warrant for another five suspects.

    With the arrest, Thai and Laotian police seized 74 items, including two residences, 14 land titles, 14 luxury cars, 11 motorbikes, two farm vehicles, 29 bank accounts, gold jewelry and cash in U.S. Dollars and Thai Baht equaling THB1.5 (US$42,000).

    The total haul was valued at roughly THB100 million (US$2.8 million), according to the Laotian Times.

     

    Source: www.theindependent.sg

  • Revealed: Malaysia “New Evidence” In Pedra Branca Row Against Singapore

    Revealed: Malaysia “New Evidence” In Pedra Branca Row Against Singapore

    Malaysia’s “new evidence” that it has sovereignty – and not its southern neighbour Singapore – over the rocky outcrop called Pedra Branca comprise a letter by Singapore’s top colonial official in 1958, a naval incident report the same year, and a map of the Lion City in 1966, This Week in Asia has learnt.

    These three documents would likely overturn the decision by the International Court of Justice in 2008 to award sovereignty to the disputed island to Singapore, Malaysia claimed in court documents filed on February 3.

    “This application is not an appeal against the 2008 judgment. On the contrary, it draws to the court’s attention what has only recently become known to Malaysia, namely, that even after the 1953 correspondence, and at a point at which Singapore had become a self-governing colonial territory, Singapore, at the highest levels of its government, did not have the view that it had sovereignty over Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh,” said court documents seen by This Week in Asia.

    “Singapore subsequently carried this appreciation into its federation as part of Malaysia in 1963, and, as it necessarily follows, that appreciation remained controlling on Singapore’s independence in 1965,” the documents said.

    “It is Malaysia’s contention, informed by a close reading of the judgment in 2008 and its accompanying opinions, that the court would have been bound to reach a different conclusion on the question of sovereignty over Pedra Branca had it been aware of this new evidence.”

    Malaysia on February 3 filed for a revision to the International Court of Justice’s ruling in 2008 that the isle of Pedra Branca, a football-field sized rocky outcrop, belongs to Singapore.

     

    Source: www.scmp.com

     

  • Singaporean Malays Must Reflect On PAP’s True Intentions For The Reserved Elected Presidency

    Singaporean Malays Must Reflect On PAP’s True Intentions For The Reserved Elected Presidency

    1.PAP says Singapore is a sworn Meritocracy. We are not like Malaysia with its affirmative action policy of helping the indigenous people of the land. Malays in Singapore are not like that! Malays in Singapore do not need handouts or any help. They can self-help!

    2. Lee Kuan Yew determines that the national reserves of Singapore must be secured with two keys: The Parliament and an Elected President (not a lame duck President like Sheares) even when GIC for which he heads which handles the biggest Sovereign fund of Singapore is absolutely controlled by him and is not required to publish any accounts. What is the dollar worth of our wealth? Only he and God knows. So such a move is really to shore up his absolute control over the Nation’s reserves. He thinks that an elected President from his own ranks will co-operate with that.

    3. Enter the Elected President who does not play ball, Mr. Ong Teng Cheong. First thing he did was to ask for a full audit of the National Wealth – He wants to know what is in the safe for which he is holding one key. The stone-walling and delay was legendary. Lee Kuan Yew does not want Ong Teng Cheong to know what is in that vault.

    4. The next elected President played ball to a tee and reap a million dollar salary without any incidents in a period when GIC made all sorts of investment blunders including investing in CitiBank which later got into trouble. But Nathan cannot live forever…

    5. And then there are others who dare to challenge and try out for the Presidential elections. One or two of these are mavericks that PAP cannot control. For as a Chinese elitist political party, no one can threaten the Chinese PAP but other Chinese. The Malay “leadership” have been unashamedly castrated and are little more than house-niggers to the Chinese PAP masters.

    6. So something needs to be done. Enter Lee Hsien Loong the proverbial son to hatch a “brilliant” plan. Confine the Presidential elections only to Malays. If you are Chinese or Indian or anything else you are automatically disqualified. Never mind Meritocracy. Never mind Non-Communal politics. Never mind the fact that this is what Malaysia’s affirmative action looks like. But not any Mat, Dollah or Minah can qualify! Set a criteria that only well to do Malays within or those close to the establishment can ever qualify and PAP will be secured. No such Malay will pull an Ong Teng Cheong move!

    7. Enter the foolish Malay who finds pride in all of these scheming political shenanigans. We are going to have a Malay president! How GREAT this is! What an achievement of the Malays of Xing Chia Poh!

    ***

    Thinking Malay-Muslims should reflect properly and consider whether they should be proud of this or really be shameful of a Malay who is for all intents and purpose appointed by the PAP to be made a tool of. Maybe for the one who has sold his or her soul that million dollar salary is all worth it.

    La hawla wa la quwatta illa biLlahil Aliy ul-Adzim!

     

    Source: Abd’ Al-Halim

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