Tag: malay

  • Zulfikar Shariff: What is a Malay?

    Zulfikar Shariff: What is a Malay?

    Seperkara yang selalu dibahaskan ialah concept Melayu/ Islam.

    Ada yang menyatukan keduany (Melayu itu Islam), ada yang beranggapan keduanya tidak sama (Melayu itu bangsa dan Islam agama), ada yang merasakan menyatukan kedua perkara tidak wajar dan wajib dipisahkan.

    Insha Allah post ini akan memberi sedikit pencerahan tentang bangsa Melayu. Ada yang lebih ariff dan insha Allah I hope they can expand on the issue further.

    Bangsa Melayu tidak boleh difahamkan seperti suku. Suku ialah identiti melalui genetic. It is based on ancestry.

    Bangsa Melayu is not simply genetic but characteristic. Orang Melayu ialah seseorang yang diterima masyarakat Melayu sebagai Melayu.

    Penerimaan ini berdasarkan penggunaan bahasa Melayu, mengikut adat resam Melayu dan beragama Islam.

    That is how the Malays have identified themselves the last several hundred years.

    Not by ancestry, but through Islam, culture and language.

    The problem arose when the British arrived in the region. They could not understand how a race is based on characteristics that are seen to be dynamic. It also went against their understanding of race and ethnicity to accept the possibility that someone can “Masuk Melayu”. Since their understanding of themselves is based on ancestry, the British could not accept the nature of the Malay bangsa.

    For example, Abdullah Munsyi was ethnically an Indian. But he spoke for the Malays and was accepted by the Malays as a Malay.

    Such identification was normal for the Malays. But the British rejected it. It was only late in the 19th century that Malayness began to be taken as ethnicity with Islam being held as distinct.

    As Diana Carroll argued, “while it may be correct to say that Abdullah would not have appeared to be Malay by mid-twentieth century standards, this cannot be assumed to be the case when Abdullah was growing up.”

    Rather than accept simply how the British and the west defined Malayness, we should return to our own definition.

    Not every Muslim is a Malay. But every Malay is a Muslim.

    Diana Carroll. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
    Vol. 72, No. 2 (277), JOHN M. GULLICK FESTSCHRIFT (1999), pp. 91-129

     

    Source: Zulfikar Shariff

  • Malay And Muslim Community Leaders Happy With Promotion For Masagos Zukifli

    Malay And Muslim Community Leaders Happy With Promotion For Masagos Zukifli

    Malay and Muslim community leaders yesterday welcomed news of Mr Masagos Zulkifli’s promotion to full minister, the first time there are two Malay members of Cabinet.

    Mr Masagos, 51, will be sworn in as Minister in the Prime Minister’s Office and Second Minister for Foreign Affairs and Home Affairs today. He has been Senior Minister of State in both ministries since 2012.

    Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said of his promotion: “It is the first time we are having two Malay full ministers, which reflects the progress of the Malay community.”

    Communications and Information Minister Yaacob Ibrahim, who is also Minister- in-charge of Muslim Affairs, said: “I am happy that Masagos has been promoted to a full minister.”

    Association of Muslim Professionals chairman Azmoon Ahmad said the promotion is further proof that “Malays can stand tall in this meritocratic nation”.

    “It will create impetus for the community and encourage us and give us the confidence that Malays can succeed,” he added.

    Former Nominated MP and political watcher Zulkifli Baharudin said the appointment debunks the long-held idea in some quarters that there could be only one Malay minister. The move shows “we have moved forward, progress has been made”.

    Mr Masagos told The Straits Times that having two Malay full ministers for the first time in the nation’s history “reflects the trust and recognition the Government has on the good progress made by the Malay/Muslim community”.

    “However, our value system puts meritocracy above all when appointments are made. That gives us the assurance that appointment is based on merit, not favour,” he added.

    “It’s a good system that ensures confidence and respect for whoever is appointed.”

    Mr Masagos was chief executive officer of Singtel Global Offices before he entered politics in 2006. He was also a respected community leader, chairing Muslim welfare group Perdaus, and starting its humanitarian offshoot Mercy Relief.

    After the 2006 General Election, he was appointed Senior Parliamentary Secretary for Education, and later for Home Affairs as well. In 2010, he was promoted to Minister of State, and the following year, gave up his Education portfolio for Foreign Affairs.

    He became Senior Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Home Affairs in August 2012.

    Fellow MPs were not surprised at his promotion, citing his diligence and commitment to the job. He has been actively involved in the fight against drugs and extremism, among others. He chairs a multi-agency task force that tackles youth drug abuse, and led a Singapore delegation to the White House Summit on Countering Violent Extremism in February this year.

    His promotion also means there are now two second ministers at Foreign Affairs and Home Affairs.

    Mr Hri Kumar Nair, who heads the Government Parliamentary Committee (GPC) for Home Affairs and Law, said it was good to have three full ministers for a key portfolio like Home Affairs. He noted Mr Masagos’ work in reshaping the rehabilitation systems for prisoners and drug offenders.

    Mr Alex Yam, deputy chairman of the GPC for Defence and Foreign Affairs, said as a small country, Singapore placed a lot of emphasis on good relationships with neighbours and partners.

    “Mr Masagos has established a wealth of contacts. His role as Second Minister will give additional clout when he negotiates on behalf of Singapore,” he added.

    BACKGROUND STORY

    MERITOCRACY AT WORK

    It would seem apparent that the Malay community would celebrate having two full ministers in the Cabinet for the first time, but this is also how Singapore runs on the basis of meritocracy.

    That you get the post, and are rewarded for your performance and contributions because of the impact you have made. Not because you are close to a particular person or that you are the son of somebody.

    This is important because it gives you the credibility to the people you serve as well as your colleagues. And I’m glad that this is the system that we have.

    – Minister in the Prime Minister’s Office Masagos Zulkifli on meritocracy

     

    Source: www.straitstimes.com

  • Increased Religiosity In Asia-Pacific: Islam And Hinduism Projected To Make Greatest Gains In Singapore

    Increased Religiosity In Asia-Pacific: Islam And Hinduism Projected To Make Greatest Gains In Singapore

    A trend of increasing religiosity is taking hold in the Asia-Pacific region, while North America and Europe are experiencing the reverse with a projected spike in the proportion of people unaffiliated with any religion, showed a recent report by Washington-based think-tank Pew Research Centre.

    In Singapore, Islam and Hinduism are projected to make the highest gains, with Muslims replacing Christians as the second-largest faith group by 2050. The report, The Future Of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050, was published on Thursday.

    Pew’s researchers took six years to analyse information from about 2,500 data sources, including censuses, demographic surveys, general population surveys and other studies. Demographic projections made in the report were also based on the current size and geographic distribution of the world’s major religions, age differences, fertility and mortality rates, international migration and patterns in conversion between religions.

    The report projected that in the Asia-Pacific region, the proportion of freethinkers is projected to decline from 21 per cent in 2010 to 17 per cent in 2050. Over the same period, the proportion of this group in Europe and North America is expected to increase from 19 per cent to 23 per cent, and from 17 per cent to almost 26 per cent, respectively.

    “Atheists, agnostics and other people who do not affiliate with any religion — though increasing in countries such as the United States and France — will make up a declining share of the world’s total population,” it added.

    The report also projected that the number of Muslims, a comparatively youthful population with high fertility rates, will nearly equal the number of Christians by 2050, if current demographic trends continue. As of 2010, Christians made up nearly a third of all 6.9 billion people on Earth. Muslims were the next largest group, comprising about 23 per cent.

    The report projected Singapore’s total population to reach 7.9 million in 2050. The proportion of Muslims is projected to increase from 14.3 per cent in 2010 to 21.4 per cent in 2050, overtaking Christians as the second-largest group behind Buddhists. Over the same period, Singapore’s proportion of Hindus is expected to rise from 5.2 to 10.0 per cent. The report said the increases were “mostly because of migration from India and Malaysia”.

    By 2050, freethinkers will make up 16 per cent of the total population, down slightly from 16.4 per cent in 2010. Over the same period, the proportion of Christians and Buddhists here will decrease from 18.2 to 17 per cent, and 33.9 to 27 per cent, respectively.

    Commenting on the report, observers here questioned the assumption that migration patterns will continue over the next few decades.

    Dr Mathew Mathews, a senior research fellow at the Institute of Policy Studies (IPS), pointed out that the Government had previously said it wanted to preserve the current racial balance. “Muslims and Hindus in Singapore usually are Malays and Indians, and if their racial composition is supposed to stay the same as currently, it will be unlikely that Islam and Hinduism in Singapore will grow substantially considering the current population plans,” he said.

    The Pew report acknowledged that estimating future migration is challenging because the movement of people across borders is dependent on government policies and international events that can change quickly. “And because many migrants follow economic opportunities, migration patterns are also dependent on changing economic conditions,” it added.

    Nonetheless, Pew said it has developed a technique to estimate recent migration patterns and their religious breakdown, in collaboration with researchers at Austria’s International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.

    In Singapore’s case, IPS senior research fellow Leong Chan-Hoong and Chua Chu Kang GRC Member of Parliament Zaqy Mohamad said it cannot be assumed that people migrating from Malaysia are probably Muslims. Stressing the challenges of migration projections, Dr Leong said migrants could come from different countries or involve different races or religions within a particular country.

    Mr Zaqy said any increase in the Muslim and Hindu populations could also be because of a higher number of interracial marriages.

    Should the projections come to pass, Singapore Management University law don Eugene Tan said Singapore may also have to look into building more places of worship for Muslims and Hindus. Likewise, there would also be an impact on the relative influence each religious group has on changes, where bigger groups could feel their views should carry more weight, for instance, he added.

     

    Source: www.todayonline.com

  • The Story Behind The Success: Adam Road Selera Rasa Nasi Lemak

    The Story Behind The Success: Adam Road Selera Rasa Nasi Lemak

    Abdul Malik Hassan had but one ambition when growing up: To be an airline pilot.

    His family was not well-off and because he was the eldest of five children, he had to jump through a few hoops – peddle banana fritters as a kid, moonlight as a banquet waiter and bartender in his teens, work full-time and study part-time as an adult – before he finally got his degree, a requirement for a flying job, at age 33 in 2004.

    The mechanical engineering graduate from Nanyang Technological University immediately applied to be a pilot with Singapore Airlines. When the company called him for a second interview, he was beside himself with joy.

    But his father, who ran a nasi lemak stall, looked miserable when told the news.

    Mr Abdul Malik, 43, recalls: “I asked him why he was not happy for me. He gestured at his stall and said, ‘If you go and pilot aeroplanes, who is going to pilot my stall?’”

    Those words caused him sleepless nights. It was Mr Hassan Abdul Kadir’s wish to involve his brood in the business, and he was banking on his eldest son to rally everybody together.

    As he could not bring himself to let his father down, Mr Abdul Malik agreed – but he wanted carte blanche to run the business.

    Among other things, he streamlined processes and tweaked the menu and recipes. Already a popular stall then, Selera Rasa – at Adam Road Hawker Centre – became an even bigger draw.

    Among many other accolades, it bagged The Straits Times Readers’ Choice award for favourite nasi lemak in 2008. The Sultan of Brunei requests it for breakfast each time he visits Singapore. Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong served it to Indonesian President Joko Widodo at the Istana when the latter visited last November. Mr Lee posted a picture on his Facebook account.

    Mr Hassan died four years ago, but he would have been pleased to know that his eldest son carried out his wishes, and more.

    Not only has Mr Abdul Malik managed to get all his siblings on board, he is all set to expand the business.

    Earlier this month, he inked a deal with the folks behind Pezzo Pizza – which grew the pizza chain in Singapore from two to about 25 outlets in two years – and plonked in about half a million dollars to invest in a central kitchen and open multiple Selera Rasa outlets all over Singapore.

    The amiable and self-effacing man spent his early years in a kampung in Siglap.

    His father initially made a living selling French loaves, riding on a bicycle in Telok Kurau.

    “But one day, my grandmother told him she would make nasi lemak for him to sell, too. That’s how it all started,” says Mr Abdul Malik whose 86-year-old paternal grandmother is half-Japanese.

    “Her father was a Japanese soldier who married a Malay woman. When he died, her mother gave her and her two sisters to another Malay family,” he says. “Her sambal recipe includes some special Japanese seafood ingredients. That’s why it is so special.”

    His father gave up peddling after he found a job in the laundry department of the Hyatt Hotel. But he continued making nasi lemak to sell to his colleagues at the hotel, where he worked for 20 years.

    That was how the Sultan of Brunei became a fan. Hyatt Singapore is a property of the government-owned Brunei Investment Agency.

    “According to my father, the Sultan came into the laundry department one day and saw the packets of nasi lemak. He asked what it was, and my father gave him one to try,” he says.

    The Sultan told Mr Hassan he should open a stall and that was exactly what he did in 1998.

    The notion of taking over his father’s stall one day never crossed Mr Abdul Malik’s mind.

    “I just wanted to become a pilot,” says the former student of Opera Estate Boys’ Primary and Bukit View Secondary where he was head prefect.

    A dutiful son and conscientious student, he never got up to any mischief growing up.

    “My grandmother was a cleaner for Opera Estate Boys’ Primary School. I would wake up at 5.30am, go with her to school, help her sweep the compound and then attend classes at 7.30am,” he recalls.

    Afternoons were spent lugging a basket and peddling nasi lemak and other snacks in the Siglap area.

    In his teens, he worked weekends and a couple of weekday evenings as a banquet waiter to help his folks, who found feeding and educating five children a struggle.

    He tried getting help for himself and his siblings, but the community groups he approached kept referring him elsewhere. “I realised then that it was easier to work for things myself instead of asking for help.”

    That was exactly what he did.

    To put himself through the Singapore Technological Institute after his O levels, he moonlighted as a waiter and bartender at Zouk. He graduated with an Industrial Technician Certificate in 1991 and found work as a supervisor in a real estate company.

    Upon completing his national service in 1994, he attended classes and obtained his diploma in mechanical engineering from Singapore Polytechnic four years later.

    As he could not afford to study for his degree full-time at NTU, he financed it by working as a service technican for Hexagon Singapore, a provider of information technologies. By then, he had married a staff nurse and their first child arrived in 1999.

    At Hexagon, he rose quickly to become service engineer and then sales manager, and was drawing nearly $6,000 monthly, with a company car, when he got his degree in 2004.

    “My wife was expecting our third child when I graduated,” says the father of four children, aged between seven and 16.

    When his father told him to give up his dream of becoming a pilot, he felt a lot of resentment.

    “I was thinking, I worked so hard for a degree, put in so many nights of night school and now you want me to sell nasi lemak?” he recalls. “The naughty part of me told me to go after what I wanted. The good part of me told me my father probably wanted me to do this for good reason.”

    After agonising over it for a week, he told his father he would accede to his wishes, but only if he called all the shots.

    “He said, ‘No problem. You now run the show. You do what you think is right and at the end of the month, you pay me what you think I should get.’”

    The engineering graduate introduced processes including proper book-keeping, paid his staff CPF and put in place a roster to make more effective use of manpower.

    Then came little tweaks to the recipes; such as substituting Thai rice with basmati rice for a better texture and improving the batter and marinade for the fried chicken.

    Soon, the stall started getting accolades such as Singapore Street Food Master for best nasi lemak given out by food guide Makansutra in 2006. In 2008, Selera Rasa’s business received a massive spike when it bagged The Straits Times Readers’ Choice award for favourite nasi lemak.

    He remembers that Sunday morning well.

    “I told my brother to open the stall’s shutter to start business that morning. He opened it half-way, pulled it down again, and kept quiet. I asked him why. He said, ‘You open, lah. I don’t want to open.’ So I did, and was shocked to see a long queue.”

    He has dished out his nasi lemak during Singapore Day in cities such as London and New York. And that queue has not abated. It is not uncommon to see lines of more than 30 people every lunch time.

    Four years ago, his father died from nose cancer, aged 66.

    “Before he died, he told me he had a task for me. He wanted me to bring all my brothers and my sister into the business. And then, he said, he wanted me to take them all on a vacation to Australia.”

    And so Mr Abdul Malik rallied his siblings and their families – 22 people in all – and took them on a trip to Brisbane and Sydney.

    “Prior to that, we only went on one vacation together as a family and that was 15 years ago. He really wanted us to bond as a family. He probably also hoped the trip would make it easier for me to get my siblings to join the business.”

    It took some cajoling, but he succeeded in getting his siblings – who were then holding jobs from air- con technician to service engineer – to come into the fold.

    The hardest to persuade was his youngest brother, who had an engineering diploma from Ngee Ann Polytechnic.

    “He said, ‘The pay you are giving me is equal to what I’m getting now. If I come on board, I do not just want Adam Road.’

    “So I said, ‘What do you mean?’ He said, “I want you to expand so that the whole of Singapore knows about Selera Rasa.’ So I promised him I would do that.”

    Although Selera Rasa opened an outlet in Ang Mo Kio Avenue 5 in 2007, its plan for expansion made headway only last year when a regular customer, Mr Chiang Zhan Xiang, business development director of Butterfly Park & Insect Kingdom in Sentosa and co-founder of Pezzo Pizza, broached the idea of a joint venture.

    Negotiations took more than a year; it is an equal partnership.

    Says Mr Abdul Malik: “They take care of the outlets, we take care of the central kitchen and the quality of the food. This is perfect because I have never liked the idea of franchising our brand. You cannot control the quality.”

    There are days when he is wistful, wondering how his life might have turned out if he had taken to the skies.

    But the man, who is also featured in filmmaker Eric Khoo’s telemovie Wanton Mee – a homage to Singapore food – says he has no regrets.

    “Before they came on board, I only saw my siblings once or twice a month. Now I see them every day,” he says.

    “Sure we bicker, but we have also become so much closer as a family. My father was a very wise man.”

     

    Source: www.straitstimes.com

  • Luahan Anak Melayu Kejar PhD Di Universiti Cambridge

    Luahan Anak Melayu Kejar PhD Di Universiti Cambridge

    “KETIKA mendapat berita saya diterima masuk ke Universiti Cambridge, saya cukup bersyukur. Peluang melanjutkan pengajian di peringkat PhD di universiti antara yang terulung di dunia satu nikmat yang amat besar, apatah lagi dengan Biasiswa Siswazah Luar Negara Institut Pendidikan Nasional (NIE) yang saya terima.

    Apabila tiba di Cambridge pada September 2013, salah satu tempat pertama yang saya kunjungi ialah Kolej Fitzwilliam, iaitu kolej di Universiti Cambridge yang telah menerima saya sebagai salah seorang penuntutnya.

    Sedang saya membaca senarai nama dermawan kepada kolej saya itu, alangkah bangganya saya apabila terbaca nama mendiang Perdana Menteri Pengasas Lee Kuan Yew.

    Sebagai anak Melayu Singapura jati yang belajar di sebuah kolej Cambridge yang sama seperti beliau, saya rasa cukup terharu.

    Setiap kali saya mendapat kunjungan daripada anggota keluarga dan teman-teman dari Singapura, saya pasti akan menceritakan saya sedang belajar di kolej yang sama seperti mendiang Encik Lee.

    Malah ketika Hari Singapura 2014, saya beruntung dapat bertemu Perdana Menteri Lee Hsien Loong. Saya telah membelikan beliau cenderahati sehelai kemeja-T daripada kolej beliau di Cambridge, iaitu Kolej Trinity.

    Sempat saya memberitahu beliau bahawa saya sedang mengejar PhD dalam bidang pendidikan di kolej bapa beliau, Fitzwilliam.

    Saya masih ingat lagi, PM Lee menyahut: “Oh, you’re from Fitz! Like my father!” (Oh, anda dari Fitz! Seperti bapa saya!”) Saya cukup gembira ketika itu. Semangat mendiang Encik Lee yang cekal melaksanakan tugas tanpa melupakan tanggungjawab kepada anak-anak dan keluarganya sesuatu yang saya dan suami saya akan jadikan pedoman dalam perjuangan saya di Cambridge.

    Sifat dermawan beliau kepada para pelajar Singapura yang ramai di Kolej Fitzwilliam satu lagi warisan dan contoh kepentingan yang beliau beri pada pendidikan.

    Malah di Kolej Fitzwilliam, ramai telah menandatangani buku takziah dan penghormatan bagi mendiang Encik Lee.

    Ucapan saya, selaku anak Melayu Singapura jati di Universiti Cambridge berbunyi begini:

    Harimau mati meninggalkan belang,

    Gajah mati meninggalkan gading,

    Manusia mati meninggalkan nama.’’

    Salam takziah. Roszalina Rawi sekeluarga

    Kolej Fitzwilliam Universiti Cambridge

     

    Source: http://beritaharian.sg